Capacitively Coupled Gyrator Based on the Hall Effect

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This invention describes a capacitive-coupled gyrator for alternating current (AC) signals, based on the Hall effect. It utilizes a Hall effect material and introduces the innovative concept of coupling input and output signals capacitively through electrodes that are electrically insulated from the Hall material. This configuration minimizes energy loss and eliminates the creation of hot spots (areas of energy dissipation), enabling efficient operation at lower frequencies (1-100 MHz), where traditional gyrators are less practical or efficient.

Use CasesContent extracted from patent full text and abstract with AI.

• Signal processing components in radio frequency (RF) and audio frequency circuits, especially where compact, efficient non-reciprocal elements (gyrators/circulators) are needed.
• Filters and impedance-matching networks for electronic instruments and communications devices.
• Passive microwave or low-frequency circulators and isolators, especially in miniaturized or integrated circuits.
• Cryogenic electronics and quantum computing circuits where low dissipation and low noise are required (for example, in Qubit readout chains).
• Research instrumentation to build low-loss, passive, frequency-dependent components without the drawbacks of traditional technologies.

BenefitsContent extracted from patent full text and abstract with AI.

• Reduces or eliminates energy-dissipating hot spots, resulting in higher efficiency and less heat generation.
• Works efficiently at low frequencies (1-100 MHz), where traditional ferrite-based or active gyrators are impractical.
• Enables construction of totally passive, low-noise circuits—important for sensitive measurement and quantum applications.
• Minimizes contact resistance by using capacitive rather than direct (galvanic) coupling, improving device reliability and longevity.
• Flexible design allows for integration with a variety of Hall effect materials, including quantum Hall materials or advanced 2D conductors like graphene.
• Potentially more compact and easier to fabricate than previous solutions, with possible miniaturization for integrated circuits or custom device layouts.

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Patent Abstract

Within the scope of the invention, a gyrator for AC signals has been developed. Said gyrator comprises a Hall effect material, means for passing a magnetic field perpendicular to the plane or surface of said Hall effect material through said Hall effect material, at least one input gate for coupling an alternating current (I1; I2) into the Hall effect material and at least one output gate for coupling out an output voltage (U2; U1), which is a measure of the Hall voltage generated by the coupled-in alternating current. Each of these gates has at least two connections which are connected to the outside world. In accordance with the invention, at least one connection of each gate is connected to a connection electrode, which is electrically insulated by the Hall effect material and forms a capacitor with the Hall effect material. The alternating current is therefore coupled into the Hall effect material capacitively, and the output voltage is coupled out of the Hall effect material capacitively. The capacitive coupling of the connection electrodes presets boundary conditions for the potential in the interior of the Hall effect material which do not necessarily bring about sudden changes in potential. The occurrence of "not spots" at which energy is dissipated in the region of sudden changes in potential can thus advantageously be reduced or even completely suppressed.