Identification and characterization of a novel avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) fimbrial adhesin

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The patent discloses the identification and characterization of a novel fimbrial adhesin (named ExPEC adhesin I or yqi) from avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), which plays a crucial role in bacterial adhesion and colonization during infection. The invention provides isolated nucleic acids, peptides, and antibodies related to yqi for use in the treatment, prevention, and diagnosis of infectious diseases caused by extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC), such as APEC, uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), and others. This adhesin is found predominantly in ExPEC strains and is absent in intestinal pathogenic E. coli, enabling targeted diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

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• Development of diagnostic tests (such as PCR, ELISA) to detect ExPEC infections in animals and humans.
• Differential diagnosis to discriminate ExPEC infections from intestinal pathogenic E. coli infections.
• Development of vaccines for poultry or mammals to prevent APEC or other ExPEC infections.
• Therapeutic interventions targeting ExPEC bacteria using antibodies or inhibitors against the novel adhesin protein.
• Epidemiological surveillance of pathogenic E. coli strains in livestock, food, or clinical samples.

BenefitsContent extracted from patent full text and abstract with AI.

• Enables accurate and early diagnosis of ExPEC infections, improving disease management in poultry and potentially humans.
• Allows for the development of highly specific vaccines and therapies targeting ExPEC, reducing economic losses in the poultry industry and mitigating zoonotic risks.
• Distinguishes ExPEC from intestinal pathogenic E. coli, reducing misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatments.
• Targets a virulence factor essential for infection and colonization, offering a new strategy to combat bacterial infections by blocking adhesion.
• Contributes to the understanding of bacterial pathogenesis and epidemiology, supporting better surveillance and control of infectious diseases.

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Patent Abstract

This invention is directed to an isolated nucleic acid or an isolated polypeptide encoded by said nucleic acid for use in treatment or diagnosis of infectious diseases, wherein the nucleic acid comprises or consists of: - the nucleic acid sequence of the yqi gene with SEQ ID NO. 1 or the reverse complement thereof; - a nucleic acid sequence with at least 95% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO. 1 or a reverse complement thereof; - a nucleic acid sequence hybridizing under stringent conditions to the nucleic acid sequence with SEQ ID NO. 1 or to its reverse complement.