A process and a system for the gasification and/or combustion of biomass and/or coal with an at least partial carbon dioxide separation

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This invention relates to a process and system for gasifying or combusting biomass and/or coal in a way that enables at least partial separation of carbon dioxide. The process uses a combined reactor with distinct gasification and combustion sections, employs a circulating bed material for oxygen transfer, and filters out solids before combustion. The designed approach allows for efficient fuel conversion, heat integration, and streamlined CO₂ separation from other gases, facilitating easier carbon capture.

Use CasesContent extracted from patent full text and abstract with AI.

• Power generation plants seeking to reduce carbon emissions from biomass or coal.
• Waste-to-energy facilities processing solid fuels like biomass or industrial refuse.
• Industrial heating systems using solid fuels with CO₂ capture requirements.
• Chemical plants producing synthesis gas (syngas) for downstream products.
• Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) plants with carbon capture and storage (CCS) targets.

BenefitsContent extracted from patent full text and abstract with AI.

• Improved efficiency in CO₂ separation during biomass and coal gasification/combustion.
• Reduced need for energy-intensive post-combustion CO₂ scrubbing processes.
• Long-term stability and reduced fouling of reactor materials due to upfront filtering of ash and soot.
• Higher operational reliability thanks to reduced risk of reactor clogging.
• Enhanced heat integration through internal recirculation and heat exchangers.
• Potential for cleaner power or chemical production with minimized carbon emissions.
• Flexible use with various types of solid fuels, including waste-derived sources.

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Patent Abstract

A process for the gasification and/or combustion of biomass and/or coal with an at least partial carbon dioxide separation using a combined reactor (2) having a combustion part (6) and a gasification part (4), comprising the steps of: a) feeding the coal and/or feeding biomass into the gasification part (4) of the combustion/gasification reactor (2); b) in the gasification part (4) heating at an elevated temperature in order to generate a product gas (8); c) filtering the product gas (8) to separate ash, soot and other solid particles from the product gas (8); d) feeding the filtered product gas (8')and an oxidized bed material (20) into the combustion part (6) of the reactor (2); e) in the combustion part (6), at least partially reducing the oxidized bed material (20) in order to generate heat that is being transferred partially into the gasification part (4); f) leading the exhaust gas (16) of the combustion part (6) to a turbine or a heat exchanger or into a further combustion reactor (18) or a catalytic conversion and leading the at least partially reduced bed material (22) into an oxidation reactor 24 fed with air (26) in order to re-oxidize the bed material prior to its recirculation into the combustion part (6).