Process for Partial Conversion of Raw Gases from Entrained Flow Gasification

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This patent describes a method for partial conversion (Teilkonvertierung) of crude gases produced by entrained flow gasification of carbon-containing feedstocks (e.g., coal or biomass). Instead of using water quench which rapidly cools the gas and limits reaction, this invention introduces superheated steam under pressure and at controlled flow speeds directly into the hot crude gas flow as it exits the gasifier. This optimized mixing at high temperatures enables more effective water-gas shift reaction (CO + H2O → CO2 + H2), increasing the conversion of CO to CO2 and H2, without excessive cooling, and prepares the gas for further cooling and processing.

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• Production of synthesis gas (syngas) with higher hydrogen content for chemical industries or fuel production
• Hydrogen generation plants that use gasification of coal or biomass as feedstock
• Flexible power plants operating with polygeneration concepts, producing both electricity and chemical products (e.g., hydrogen, ammonia)
• Any industrial process requiring efficient partial conversion of CO-rich gases to increase hydrogen yield in high-pressure gasification setups
• Integration with downstream processes that benefit from gas streams at higher temperatures (e.g., steam generation)

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• Improves hydrogen-to-carbon monoxide (H2/CO) ratio in syngas by optimizing the water-gas-shift reaction at high temperatures
• Reduces need for excessive water usage and minimizes cooling inefficiencies compared to traditional quench methods
• Allows better utilization of the sensible heat of crude gas, enabling energy recovery (waste heat steam generation)
• Increases process efficiency and can reduce apparatus complexity by making effective use of existing reactor geometry for mixing
• Potentially lowers operational costs due to less steam requirement and improved process control
• Provides greater flexibility for integration into various gasification-based energy and chemical production systems

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Patent Abstract

The invention relates to a method for partly converting crude gases from an entrained flow gasification process. The method can be used in cooling sections of gasification processes (mainly entrained flow gasifiers). In the method according to the invention, the hot crude gases which are drawn from the crude gas outlet of an entrained flow gasifier and the molten slag, largely built up as wall film, are introduced into a quenching device in a flow directed towards the bottom and quenched. The method is characterized in that steam is introduced into the crude gas outlet of the entrained flow gasifier under pressure and at a flow speed 0.1 to 10 times the flow speed of the crude gas flow in the crude gas outlet.