Gasifier Head and Method for Partial Oxidation of Gaseous and Liquid Gasification Feedstocks

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This patent describes an improved carburetor head and method for partial oxidation of gaseous and liquid fuels used in gasifiers. The innovation lies in a burner block with specialized protection chambers, isolation bodies, and separate nozzle arrangements for introducing oxygen-rich agents and fuels, while using a protective gas to ensure safe and efficient mixing and reaction at very high temperatures and pressures. The system enhances safety by preventing dangerous interactions between oxygen and fuels before combustion, ensures effective cooling, and allows for flexible, reliable operation at industrial scales.

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• Industrial synthesis gas (syngas) production from hydrocarbons (e.g., coal, oil, natural gas)
• Hydrogen production plants
• Large-scale chemical plants using reforming or partial oxidation processes (e.g., ammonia, methanol synthesis)
• Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants
• Production of synthetic fuels (Fischer-Tropsch synthesis)
• Waste-to-energy facilities converting waste into useful gases

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• Enhanced operational safety by spatially separating oxygen and fuel feeds and using inert or protective gases to prevent undesired ignition or explosions.
• Allows operation at extremely high temperatures (up to 1600°C) and pressures (up to 100 bar), enabling higher efficiency and throughput.
• Improved burner cooling reduces wear and extends lifespan of reactor parts, lowering maintenance costs and downtime.
• Flexible burner block design increases the usable reactor cross-section, significantly improving reactor capacity and conversion efficiency (3-5 times increase claimed).
• Reduced need for complex safety monitoring thanks to the design’s inherent safety features.
• Supports both catalytic and non-catalytic modes of operation, allowing switching between process types (e.g., ATR and POX).

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Patent Abstract

The invention relates to carburetor heads (1) for partial oxidation of gaseous and liquid carburetion substances and to a method for partial oxidation of gaseous and liquid carburetion substances. The carburetor head (1) has a protection chamber (12), having at least one inlet and at least one outlet, pointing in the direction of the carburetor interior chamber (3), for a protection gas, in at least one isolating body (4). Furthermore, there is an arrangement introducing an oxygenic carburetion agent or oxygen having nozzle pipes (20) penetrating the isolation body (4) and a carburetion substance input arrangement having carburetion substance nozzle pipes (21) arranged in the isolation body (4) and ending on one side on or in the carburetor interior chamber (3). A method for partial oxidation of gaseous and liquid carburetion substances is characterized in that, in a carburetor head (1), an arrangement, containing oxygenic carburetion means or oxygen and having lines, at least one distributor, and a supply line (13) for the oxygenic carburetion means or the oxygen, separated spatially from a carburetion substance supply arrangement, having carburetion substance lines, at least one carburetion substance distributor, and a carburetion substance supply line for carburetion substance nozzle pipes (21), is circulated through by protection gas.