Model-Based Protection System for Electrical Systems

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This invention relates to a model-based protection system and method for monitoring and protecting electrical systems — especially high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission networks. The system uses multiple measurement stations that store system models in estimator banks. By comparing real-time measured data with model predictions, the system identifies anomalies, diagnoses faults, locates their position, and classifies the type of fault. The solution enables rapid, local, and selective fault detection and localization without relying on extensive telecommunications or complex manual calibration.

Use CasesContent extracted from patent full text and abstract with AI.

• Protection of high-voltage DC (HVDC) power transmission networks from faults.
• Application in AC and DC power grids to quickly detect, localize, and classify faults for improved network reliability.
• Fast isolation of faulty lines in multi-terminal HVDC grids to minimize disruption and equipment damage.
• Monitoring and maintenance optimization in power distribution networks, including medium- and low-voltage DC systems.
• Upgrade or replacement for legacy protection systems in modernized electrical networks, especially those incorporating renewable energy sources.

BenefitsContent extracted from patent full text and abstract with AI.

• Enables fast, selective, and effective detection and localization of faults, reducing outage times and system disruptions.
• Works without the need for complex telecommunication infrastructure between measurement stations, thereby increasing reliability and reducing costs.
• No need for extensive calibration or offline simulation for each network configuration, allowing easier scaling and modification.
• Robust against measurement noise, system parameter changes, and network topology alterations.
• Can perform both local and system-wide fault diagnosis and classification, giving operators detailed and actionable information.
• Reduces the need for expensive specialized devices typically required for fault localization and classification.
• Facilitates efficient network restoration and repair by accurately pinpointing and characterizing faults.

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Patent Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und ein Schutzsystem zum Überwachen eines mindestens eine Messstation (1) aufweisenden elektrischen Systems (3), insbesondere eines elektrischen Energieübertragungssystems, insbesondere eines Hochspannungs-Gleichstrom-Übertragungssystems, mit folgenden Schritten: – für die jeweilige Messstation mittels Speichereinrichtungen (5) ausgeführtes Abspeichern (S3) von einen jeweiligen Zustand des Systems (3) beschreibenden Modellen (Ppi) des Systems (3) in jeweils einer Schätzeinrichtung (7), die in einer Schätzeinrichtungsbank (9) integriert sind; – Anwenden der jeweiligen Schätzeinrichtungsbank (9) mittels Vergleichens (S4) von von der jeweiligen Messstation (1) gemessenen Werten mit Werten eines jeweiligen Modells (Ppi); – Bestimmen (S5) des Modells (im Idealfall Pp*) mit dem kleinsten Unterschied zwischen den aktuell gemessenen Werten und den eigenen modellspezifischen Werten, wobei das bestimmte Modell (im Idealfall Pp*) den aktuellen Zustand des Systems (3) angibt.