Electrical Measurement System for Frequency Measurement and Detection of Interference Signals and Operating Method Therefor

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This invention describes an advanced electrical measuring system that uses a six-port circuit, a delay line, and an arithmetic unit to accurately measure signal frequencies and detect unwanted interference. By switching between two operating modes—one for standard frequency measurement and another for detecting the presence and characteristics of interference signals—this system ensures highly precise and interference-resilient results. It is particularly well-suited for applications using surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators, capable of wireless, non-contact measurements of mechanical stress, temperature, pressure, or strain in industrial environments.

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• Non-contact measurement of mechanical stress or torsion in rotating machine parts such as shafts in industrial machinery.
• Wireless sensor systems for monitoring temperature, pressure, or strain using SAW resonators in harsh or moving environments.
• Precision frequency measurement in environments with significant electromagnetic interference, such as industrial automation or RF test setups.
• Integration into wireless sensor networks or IoT devices that need interference detection and robust operation in crowded frequency bands (like the ISM bands, e.g., used for WLAN, Zigbee, Bluetooth).
• Early fault detection and condition monitoring in manufacturing, automotive, or energy infrastructure by continuously monitoring mechanical or environmental parameters.

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• High measurement precision even in the presence of interference or overlapping radio signals.
• Automatic detection and characterization of interference signals allow adaptive, reliable operation and reduce measurement errors.
• Wireless or non-contact measurement capabilities, especially valuable for rotating or hard-to-reach parts.
• Versatile operation modes (including calibration and linearization) improve long-term accuracy and system adaptability.
• Enhances coexistence with other wireless systems by signaling channel occupancy (e.g., via beacon frames), thus reducing mutual interference.
• Configurable delay lines provide flexibility to optimize between high measurement precision and broad unambiguous frequency range, suitable for different application requirements.

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Patent Abstract

An electrical measuring system of a six-port circuit includes a delay line and a arithmetic unit. In a first operating mode, an electrical signal can be on the one hand transmitted directly to a first input terminal and on the other hand via the delay line to a second input terminal of the six-port circuit. In an embodiment, the measuring system is configured such that, in the second operating mode, it does not supply a signal to the first input terminal of the six-port circuit and it supplies a reference signal to the second input terminal of the six-port circuit.